Ethinyl Estradiol increases respiratory chain activity in both cultured rat hepatocytesand HepG2 cells. Ethinyl estradiol is a strong promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis. Ethinyl Estradiol enhances the transcript levels of nuclear genome- and mitochondrial genome-encoded genes and respiratory chain activity in female rat liver, and also inhibits transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta)-induced apoptosis in cultured liver slices and hepatocytes from female rats. Ethinyl Estradiol increases the transcript levels of the mitochondrial genome-encoded genes cytochrome oxidase subunits I, II, and III in cultured female rathepatocytes. Ethinyl Estradiol significantly increases both the levels of glutathione (reduced [GSH] and oxidized [GSSG] forms) per mg protein in mitochondria and nuclei, while the percentage of total glutathione in the oxidized form is not affected.
Related Products:
2-methoxyestradiol; Estradiol valerate; Estradiol enantate; Estradiol benzoate; Estradiol cypionate; Estradiol hemihydrate; Alfatradiol Estradiol; Estradiol; Calcifediol; Calcifediol monohydrate